The Neuron review by Lopez-Lee and Torres et al. at Gan lab addresses how sex-specific factors influence Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. It suggests that hormones and chromosomes may affect aging-related processes like inflammation, metabolism, and autophagy, leading to different AD patterns in men and women. By synthesizing advanced research, including single-cell RNA sequencing and omics analyses, the review highlights the significant role sex plays in AD prevalence, pathology, and progression, underlining the need for sex-inclusive therapeutic approaches.