Title | Astrocytes in selective vulnerability to neurodegenerative disease. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2024 |
Authors | Zimmer TS, Orr AL, Orr AG |
Journal | Trends Neurosci |
Volume | 47 |
Issue | 4 |
Pagination | 289-302 |
Date Published | 2024 Apr |
ISSN | 1878-108X |
Keywords | Astrocytes, Brain, Humans, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Neurons |
Abstract | Selective vulnerability of specific brain regions and cell populations is a hallmark of neurodegenerative disorders. Mechanisms of selective vulnerability involve neuronal heterogeneity, functional specializations, and differential sensitivities to stressors and pathogenic factors. In this review we discuss the growing body of literature suggesting that, like neurons, astrocytes are heterogeneous and specialized, respond to and integrate diverse inputs, and induce selective effects on brain function. In disease, astrocytes undergo specific, context-dependent changes that promote different pathogenic trajectories and functional outcomes. We propose that astrocytes contribute to selective vulnerability through maladaptive transitions to context-divergent phenotypes that impair specific brain regions and functions. Further studies on the multifaceted roles of astrocytes in disease may provide new therapeutic approaches to enhance resilience against neurodegenerative disorders. |
DOI | 10.1016/j.tins.2024.02.008 |
Alternate Journal | Trends Neurosci |
PubMed ID | 38521710 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC11006581 |
Grant List | R01 AG068091 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States RF1 NS118569 / NS / NINDS NIH HHS / United States |